How Most Children with ADHD Benefit from Medication
Most kids who have ADHD will respond well to some kind of adhd medication. According to the Child Mind Institute, stimulant medications have been found to be effective in reducing the symptoms of ADHD in approximately 70-80% of children who take them [1]. These medications work by increasing the availability of dopamine and norepinephrine, two essential neurochemicals involved in executive functioning, within the brain. As a result, children with ADHD often experience improvements in their ability to concentrate, control impulses, and remain organized.
The success rate of stimulant medications for ADHD treatment is quite impressive. Studies show that there’s over an 80% chance that a child with ADHD will respond positively to medication [2]. This high success rate is largely attributed to the different types of stimulant medications available, as well as the various formulations designed to cater to individual needs. As more research is conducted and our understanding of ADHD and its treatment options continues to grow, families affected by ADHD can feel more confident in their ability to manage this common learning disorder.
Methylphenidate-Based ADHD Medications
One major kind of ADHD medication is the methylphenidate group, which includes well-known medications such as Ritalin, Concerta, and Daytrana. Methylphenidate-based medications work by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, thereby improving symptoms associated with ADHD [3]. These medications have been prescribed for decades and are considered safe and effective for most children when used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Daytrana, a relatively newer addition to the methylphenidate group, is unique in its method of delivery. Unlike other methylphenidate medications that are taken orally, Daytrana is a patch that is applied directly to the skin. This transdermal delivery system allows the medication to be absorbed gradually throughout the day, providing a consistent and steady release of the active ingredient. Just like other methylphenidate medications, Daytrana has been shown to be effective in managing ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents [4].
Understanding Adderall and Vyvanse’s Role in ADHD Treatment
The other major kind of ADHD medication is the amphetamine group, which includes popular medications like Adderall and Vyvanse. Similar to methylphenidate-based medications, amphetamine-based medications work by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, leading to improvements in ADHD symptoms [5]. These medications are also considered safe and effective for most children when used under the supervision of a healthcare professional.
As with methylphenidate, some preparations of amphetamines have been created to release the medication over a greater period of time. Vyvanse, for example, is a long-acting formulation of amphetamine that is designed to provide consistent symptom relief throughout the day. Vyvanse contains amphetamine plus an extra compound called lysine, which attaches itself to the active ingredient in Adderall, amphetamine, creating an extra step that the body has to go through to cut it off, to make it active. This unique formulation results in a slower onset of action and a more gradual release of the active ingredient, which can be beneficial for individuals who require extended symptom relief [6].
Choosing the Right ADHD Medication for Your Child
When it comes to stimulant medications for ADHD, there are a lot of alternatives to choose from, and they’re not all created equal. The most important factor in determining the right medication for a child is to work closely with a healthcare professional who is experienced in treating ADHD. They can help assess the child’s specific needs and recommend a medication based on their symptoms, age, and any other individual factors that may impact treatment outcomes.
Ritalin, the granddaddy of them all, is a short-acting formulation of methylphenidate that lasts about 3-4 hours. It has been used for decades and has proven to be effective in managing ADHD symptoms in many children [7]. However, for some children, a long-acting formula may be more appropriate, as they provide a more consistent release of medication throughout the day. Concerta, for example, is a long-acting formulation of methylphenidate that has been engineered to release optimally over a longer period of time, typically lasting 10-12 hours [8]. When selecting a medication, it’s essential to consider the child’s daily routine, school schedule, and any potential side effects that may arise.
The Importance of Family Support and Resources
While medication can play a significant role in managing ADHD symptoms, it’s important to remember that a comprehensive approach to treatment is often most effective. This includes behavioral therapy, educational support, and family involvement. Family Resource Centers can provide valuable information and support for families affected by ADHD and other learning disorders [9].
The Child Mind Institute is another valuable resource for families, offering a wealth of information on ADHD and other mental health conditions affecting children. By staying informed and engaged in their child’s treatment, parents can play a crucial role in helping them succeed both in and out of the classroom.
References:
[1] Child Mind Institute. (n.d.). ADHD: The stimulants. Retrieved from https://childmind.org/guide/guide-to-adhd-medications/adhd-the-stimulants/
[2] Arnold, L. E. (2000). Methylphenidate vs. amphetamine: Comparative review. Journal of Attention Disorders, 3(4), 200-211.
[3] National Institute of Mental Health. (2020). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/index.shtml
[4] Findling, R. L., Turnbow, J., Burnside, J., Melmed, R. D., Civil, R., & Li, Y. (2020). A randomized, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study evaluating the efficacy and safety of an extended-release, once-daily, 2-layer tablet formulation of methylphenidate in school-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 30(2), 63-72.
[5] Heal, D. J., Smith, S. L., Findling, R. L., & Swanson, J. M. (2013). Amphetamines and related drugs in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Past, present, and future.
